Career Preparation
Career preparation refers to a range of activities that help youth and young adults with disabilities (Y&YADs) prepare for employment. It includes any experiences that help Y&YADs:
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- Identify strengths and interests;
- Understand and explore career options;
- Gain hard and soft job skills;
- Build resumes and networks;
- Develop leadership and self-advocacy skills; and
- Earn credentials.
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The goal of career preparation is to help individuals with disabilities attain competitive integrated employment (CIE). CIE refers to competitive work in an integrated setting that is performed on a full-time or part-time basis for which an individual interacts or works with other individuals without disabilities and receives the same wage, benefits and opportunities for advancement as employees without disabilities in similar positions.
A key component of career preparation is work-based learning (WBL), which provides hands-on opportunities to experience work. This can include:
- Internships;
- Job shadowing;
- Service learning;
- Summer work experiences or other paid employment;
- Workplace tours;
- Informational interviewing; and
- Apprenticeships and pre-apprenticeships.
Other components of career preparation include:
- Job exploration counseling;
- Counseling on post-secondary education opportunities;
- Workplace readiness training;
- Education and training programs;
- Self-advocacy training;
- Job search and job placement services;
- Entrepreneurship training and support; and
- On-the-job support.
Career preparation can occur in a variety of settings, including high schools, trade schools, colleges and universities, vocational rehabilitation offices, job centers, other government agency sites, juvenile justice facilities, community organization sites and business sites. It also can occur online.
State strategies for enhancing career preparation for Y&YADs include:
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- Transferring career preparation services online for Y&YADs (including job fairs and workplace readiness training) to enable access amid COVID-19;
- Expanding and improving career and technical education (CTE) courses for Y&YADs, including by providing resources and training to CTE instructors on how to better support Y&YADs;
- Bolstering support for college students with disabilities, including facilitating WBL experiences and providing customized and coordinated career supports;
- Creating or expanding summer work programs, transition camps and high school transition-to-work programs for Y&YADs;
- Developing inclusive postsecondary education programs, designed so individuals with disabilities can continue with academic, career and technical and independent living instruction to prepare for employment;
- Expanding leadership programs for Y&YADs; and
- Identifying and addressing gaps in delivery of Pre-Employment Transition Services (Pre-ETS), which provide career preparation services to students with disabilities.
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The Arkansas Jump Start Program assists blind and severely visually impaired youth ages 16-21 with obtaining a part-time summer job and participating in educational enrichment activities. It is offered both in-person and virtually and is a collaboration between the Division of Services for the Blind and the Arkansas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired.
The Delaware PIPEline to Career Success for Students with Disabilities project is a collaboration among multiple state agencies and the National Alliance for Partnerships in Equity (NAPE), focused on increasing participation and performance of students with disabilities in CTE career pathways.
FEATURED RESOURCES:
This CAPE-Youth resource provides information on programs offered across all states that help Y&YADs prepare for employment, such as job shadowing, internships, apprenticeships, and summer work experiences.
This six-part CAPE-Youth blog series discusses how two U.S. Department of Labor community college grantees implemented evidence-based best practices to support students with disabilities in preparing for and attaining employment.
This website provides information about Project SEARCH, a one-year transition-to-work program offered in most states to help individuals with significant disabilities achieve competitive integrated employment through a combination of real-life work experience and training.
This CAPE-Youth brief describes adaptations used by states to respond to challenges that students with disabilities face in participating in and completing CTE in general and as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:
Websites and Webpages
- Inclusive Postsecondary Education for Students with Intellectual Disabilities Webpage
- National Resources for Advocacy, Independence, Self-determination and Employment (RAISE) Technical Assistance Center Website
- Office of Disability Employment Policy’s Community Colleges Webpage
- Workforce Innovation Technical Assistance Center’s Pre-Employment Transition Services Webpage
FAQs, Fact Sheets and Primers
Guides and Toolkits